OpenStack Victoria Deployment Guide

OpenStack

OpenStack is an open source cloud computing infrastructure software project developed by the community. It provides an operating platform or tool set for deploying the cloud, offering scalable and flexible cloud computing for organizations.

As an open source cloud computing management platform, OpenStack consists of several major components, such as Nova, Cinder, Neutron, Glance, Keystone, and Horizon. OpenStack supports almost all cloud environments. The project aims to provide a cloud computing management platform that is easy-to-use, scalable, unified, and standardized. OpenStack provides an infrastructure as a service (IaaS) solution that combines complementary services, each of which provides an API for integration.

The official Yum source of openEuler 21.03 supports the Openstack Victoria version. You can configure the official Yum source and then deploy OpenStack by following the instructions of this document.

Preparing the Environment

Installing the SQL Database

Run the following command to install the software package:
```
yum install mariadb mariadb-server python-PyMySQL
```

Run the following command to create and edit the /etc/my.cnf.d/openstack.cnf file:

vim /etc/my.cnf.d/openstack.cnf

Copy the following content to the file (set bind-address to the management IP address of the controller node):

[mysqld]
bind-address = 10.0.0.11
default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table = on
max_connections = 4096
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
character-set-server = utf8

Run the following command to start the database service and enable it to automatically start upon system boot:
```
systemctl enable mariadb.service
systemctl start mariadb.service
```

Installing RabbitMQ

Run the following command to install the software package:
```
yum install rabbitmq-server
```

Start the RabbitMQ service and enable it to automatically start upon system boot.

systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service
systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service

Add an OpenStack user.

rabbitmqctl add_user openstack RABBIT_PASS

Replace RABBIT_PASS with the password of the OpenStack user.
Run the following command to set the permission of the openstack user so that the user can perform configuration, write, and read operations:
```
rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"
```

Installing Memcached

Run the following command to install the target software package:
```
yum install memcached python3-memcached
```
Run the following command to edit the /etc/sysconfig/memcached file:
```
$ vim /etc/sysconfig/memcached
OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1,::1,controller"
```
Change the value of OPTIONS to the actual management IP address of the controller node.
Run the following command to start the Memcached service and enable it to automatically start upon system boot:
```
systemctl enable memcached.service
systemctl start memcached.service
```

Installing OpenStack

Installing Keystone

$ mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE keystone;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'localhost' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'KEYSTONE_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'KEYSTONE_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> exit

Replace KEYSTONE_DBPASS with the password of the keystone database.

Run the following command to install the software package:
```
yum install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi
```
Edit the /etc/keystone/keystone.conf file to configure the keystone database. In the [database] section, configure the database entry. In the [token] section, configure the token provider.
```
$ vim /etc/keystone/keystone.conf
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:KEYSTONE_DBPASS@controller/keystone
[token]
provider = fernet
```
Replace KEYSTONE_DBPASS with the password of the keystone database.

Run the following command to synchronize the database.

su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone

Run the following command to initialize the Fernet keystore:

keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone

Run the following commands to enable the identity service:

$ keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password ADMIN_PASS \
--bootstrap-admin-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
--bootstrap-internal-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
--bootstrap-public-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \
--bootstrap-region-id RegionOne

Replace ADMIN_PASS with the password of the admin user.

Edit the /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf file and configure the Apache HTTP server.
```
vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
```
Enable ServerName to reference the controller node:
```
ServerName controller
```
If ServerName does not exist, create it.
Run the following command to create a link for the /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf file:
```
ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/
vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/wsgi-keystone.conf
```
...
TraceEnable off
LoadModule wsgi_module /usr/lib64/httpd/modules/mod_wsgi_python3.so
...
After the installation is complete, run the following command to start the Apache HTTP service:
```
systemctl enable httpd.service
systemctl start httpd.service
```

Run the following command to set environment variables:

export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=ADMIN_PASS
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

Replace ADMIN_PASS with the password set in the keystone-manage bootstrap command.

Run the following commands to create the domain, project, user, and role:

Create a domain named example.

openstack domain create --description "An Example Domain" example

Note: The domain default has been created in keystone-manage bootstrap.

Create a project named service.

openstack project create --domain default --description "Service Project" service

Create a non-admin project named myproject, a user named myuser, and a role named myrole. Add the myrole role to myproject and myuser.

openstack project create --domain default --description "Demo Project" myproject
openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt myuser
openstack role create myrole
openstack role add --project myproject --user myuser myrole

Perform the verification.

Cancel the temporary environment variables OS_AUTH_URL and OS_PASSWORD.

unset OS_AUTH_URL OS_PASSWORD

Request a token for the admin user:

$ openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:5000/v3 \
--os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default \
--os-project-name admin --os-username admin token issue

Request a token for the myuser user:

$ openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:5000/v3 \
--os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default \
--os-project-name myproject --os-username myuser token issue

Create the environment script for the OpenStack client.

Create environment variable scripts for the admin and demo users.

$ vim admin-openrc
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=ADMIN_PASS
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2
$

$ vim demo-openrc
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=myproject
export OS_USERNAME=myuser
export OS_PASSWORD=DEMO_PASS
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

Replace ADMIN_PASS with the password of the admin user.

Replace DEMO_PASS with the password of the myuser user.

Run the following script to load environment variables:

. admin-openrc

Installing Glance

Create a database, service credentials, and API endpoints.

Create a database.

$ mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE glance;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'localhost' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'GLANCE_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'GLANCE_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> exit

Replace GLANCE_DBPASS with the password of the glance database.

. admin-openrc

Run the following commands to create the glance service credential, create the glance user, and add the admin role to the glance user:

 openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance
 openstack role add --project service --user glance admin
 openstack service create --name glance --description "OpenStack Image" image

Create API endpoints for the image service.

 openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image public http://controller:9292
 openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image internal http://controller:9292
 openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image admin http://controller:9292

Perform the installation and configuration.

Install the software package:

 yum install openstack-glance openstack-glance-api

Configure Glance:

Edit the /etc/glance/glance-api.conf file:

In the [database] section, configure the database entry.

In the [keystone_authtoken] and [paste_deploy] sections, configure the identity authentication service entry.

In the [glance_store] section, configure the local file system storage and the location where image files are stored.

 $ vim /etc/glance/glance-api.conf
 [database]
 # ...
 connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:GLANCE_DBPASS@controller/glance
 [keystone_authtoken]
 # ...
 www_authenticate_uri  = http://controller:5000
 auth_url = http://controller:5000
 memcached_servers = controller:11211
 auth_type = password
 project_domain_name = Default
 user_domain_name = Default
 project_name = service
 username = glance
 password = GLANCE_PASS
 [paste_deploy]
 # ...
 flavor = keystone
 [glance_store]
 # ...
 stores = file,http
 default_store = file
 filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/

In the preceding command, replace GLANCE_DBPASS with the password of the glance database, and replace GLANCE_PASS with the password of the glance user.

Synchronize the database:

 su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance

Run the following command to start the image service:

 systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service
 systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service

Perform the verification.

Download the image.

. admin-openrc
wget http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.4.0/cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img

Upload the image to the image service.

glance image-create --name "cirros" --file cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --visibility=public

Confirm the image upload and verify the attributes.

glance image-list

Installing Placement

Create a database, service credentials, and API endpoints.

Create a database.

Access the database as the root user. Create the placement database, and grant permissions.

$ mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE placement;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO 'placement'@'localhost' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'PLACEMENT_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO 'placement'@'%' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'PLACEMENT_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> exit

Replace PLACEMENT_DBPASS with the password of the placement database.

. admin-openrc

Run the following commands to create the placement service credentials, create the placement user, and add the admin role to the placement user:

Create the Placement API Service.

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt placement
openstack role add --project service --user placement admin
openstack service create --name placement --description "Placement API" placement

Create API endpoints of the Placement service.

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://controller:8778
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://controller:8778
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://controller:8778

Perform the installation and configuration.

Install the software package:

yum install openstack-placement-api

Configure Placement:

Edit the /etc/placement/placement.conf file:

In the [placement_database] section, configure the database entry.

In [api] and [keystone_authtoken] sections, configure the identity authentication service entry.

$ vim /etc/placement/placement.conf
[placement_database]
# ...
connection = mysql+pymysql://placement:PLACEMENT_DBPASS@controller/placement
[api]
# ...
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
# ...
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = placement
password = PLACEMENT_PASS

Replace PLACEMENT_DBPASS with the password of the placement database, and replace PLACEMENT_PASS with the password of the placement user.

Note: Configure the permission.

$ vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/00-placement-api.conf
<Directory /usr/bin>
<IfVersion >= 2.4>
Require all granted
</IfVersion>
<IfVersion < 2.4>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</IfVersion>
</Directory>

Synchronize the database:

su -s /bin/sh -c "placement-manage db sync" placement

Start the httpd service.

systemctl restart httpd

Perform the verification.

Run the following command to check the status:

. admin-openrc
placement-status upgrade check

Run the following command to install osc-placement and list the available resource types and features:

yum install python3-osc-placement
openstack --os-placement-api-version 1.2 resource class list --sort-column name
openstack --os-placement-api-version 1.6 trait list --sort-column name

Installing Nova

Create a database, service credentials, and API endpoints.

Create a database.

Access the database as the root user. Create the nova, nova_api, and nova_cell0 databases and grant permissions.

$ mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova;
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> exit

Replace NOVA_DBPASS with the password of the nova database.

Run the following commands to create Nova service credentials, create a nova user, and add the admin role to the nova user:

. admin-openrc
openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova
openstack role add --project service --user nova admin
openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute

Create API endpoints for the computing service.

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://controller:8774/v2.1
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://controller:8774/v2.1
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://controller:8774/v2.1

Perform the installation and configuration.

Install the software package:

$ yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor \
openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler openstack-nova-compute

Configure Nova:

Edit the /etc/nova/nova.conf file.

In the [default] section, enable the computing and metadata APIs, configure the RabbitMQ message queue entry, and set my_ip.

In the [api_database] and [database] sections, configure the database entry.

In the [api] and [keystone_authtoken] sections, configure the identity service entry.

In the [vnc] section, enable and configure the entry for the remote console.

In the [glance] section, configure the API address for the image service.

In the [oslo_concurrency] section, configure the lock path.

In the [placement] section, configure the entry of the Placement service.

$ vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[DEFAULT]
# ...
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller:5672/
my_ip = 10.0.0.11
compute_driver = libvirt.LibvirtDriver
instances_path = /var/lib/nova/instances/
log_dir = /var/log/nova
[api_database]
# ...
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@controller/nova_api
[database]
# ...
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@controller/nova
[api]
# ...
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
# ...
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000/
auth_url = http://controller:5000/
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = NOVA_PASS
[vnc]
enabled = true
# ...
server_listen = $my_ip
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
novncproxy_base_url = http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html
[glance]
# ...
api_servers = http://controller:9292
[oslo_concurrency]
# ...
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
[placement]
# ...
region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
username = placement
password = PLACEMENT_PASS
[neutron]
# ...
auth_url = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = NEUTRON_PASS

Replace RABBIT_PASS with the password of the openstack user in RabbitMQ.

Set my_ip to the management IP address of the controller node.

Replace NOVA_DBPASS with the password of the nova database.

Replace NOVA_PASS with the password of the nova user.

Replace PLACEMENT_PASS with the password of the placement user.

Replace NEUTRON_PASS with the password of the neutron user.

Run the following command to synchronize the nova-api database:

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova

Run the following command to register the cell0 database:

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova

Create the cell1 cell:

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova

Synchronize the nova database:

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova

Verify whether cell0 and cell1 are correctly registered:

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells" nova

Check whether VM hardware acceleration (x86 architecture) is supported:

egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo

If the returned value is 0, hardware acceleration is not supported. You need to configure libvirt to use QEMU instead of KVM.

$ vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[libvirt]
# ...
virt_type = qemu

If the returned value is 1 or a larger value, hardware acceleration is supported, and no extra configuration is required.

Start the computing service and its dependencies, and enable the service to start automatically upon system boot.

$ systemctl enable \
openstack-nova-api.service \
openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
openstack-nova-conductor.service \
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
$ systemctl start \
openstack-nova-api.service \
openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
openstack-nova-conductor.service \
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

Add the compute nodes to the cell database:

Check whether the compute node exists:

. admin-openrc
openstack compute service list --service nova-compute

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova

Perform the verification.
```
. admin-openrc
```
List service components to verify that each process is successfully started and registered.
```
openstack compute service list
```
List the API endpoints in the identity service and verify the connection to the identity service.
```
openstack catalog list
```
List the images in the image service and verify the connections:
```
openstack image list
```
Check whether the cells and placement APIs are running properly and whether other prerequisites are met.
```
nova-status upgrade check
```

Installing Neutron

Create a database, service credentials, and API endpoints.

Create a database.

Access the database as the root user, create the neutron database, and grant permissions.

$ mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE neutron;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'localhost' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'NEUTRON_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'NEUTRON_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> exit

Replace NEUTRON_DBPASS with the password of the neutron database.

. admin-openrc

Run the following commands to create the neutron service credential, create the neutron user, and add the admin role to the neutron user:

Create the neutron service credential.

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron
openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin
openstack service create --name neutron --description "OpenStack Networking" network

Create API endpoints of the network services.

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network public http://controller:9696
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network internal http://controller:9696
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network admin http://controller:9696

Install and configure the self-service network.
Install the software package:
```
$ yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 \
openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset
```
Configure Neutron:
Edit the /etc/neutron/neutron.conf file:
In the [database] section, configure the database entry.
In the [default] section, enable the ML2 and router plug-ins. Allow IP address overlapping, and configure the RabbitMQ message queue entry.
In the [default] and [keystone] sections, configure the identity authentication service entry.
In the [default] and [nova] sections, enable the network to notify the change of the computing network topology.
In the [oslo_concurrency] section, configure the lock path.
```
$ vim /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
[database]
# ...
connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:NEUTRON_DBPASS@controller/neutron
[DEFAULT]
# ...
core_plugin = ml2
service_plugins = router
allow_overlapping_ips = true
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller
auth_strategy = keystone
notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true
notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true
[keystone_authtoken]
# ...
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = NEUTRON_PASS
[nova]
# ...
auth_url = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = nova
password = NOVA_PASS
[oslo_concurrency]
# ...
lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp
```
Replace NEUTRON_DBPASS with the password of the neutron database.
Replace RABBIT_PASS with the password of the openstack user in RabbitMQ.
Replace NEUTRON_PASS with the password of the neutron user.
Replace NOVA_PASS with the password of the nova user.
Configure the ML2 plug-in.
Edit the /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini file.
In the [ml2] section, enable the flat, VLAN, and VXLAN networks, enable the bridge and layer-2 population mechanism, and enable the port security extension driver.
In the [ml2_type_flat] section, configure the flat network as the provider virtual network.
In the [ml2_type_vxlan] section, configure the VXLAN network identifier range.
In the [securitygroup] section, set ipset.
```
$ vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
[ml2]
# ...
type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan
tenant_network_types = vxlan
mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population
extension_drivers = port_security
[ml2_type_flat]
# ...
flat_networks = provider
[ml2_type_vxlan]
# ...
vni_ranges = 1:1000
[securitygroup]
# ...
enable_ipset = true
```
Configure the Linux bridge agent:
Edit the /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini file:
In the [linux_bridge] section, map the provider virtual network to the physical network API.
In the [vxlan] section, enable the VXLAN network. Configure the IP address of the physical network API that processes the coverage network, and enable layer-2 population.
In the [securitygroup] section, enable the security group and configure the linux bridge iptables firewall driver.
```
$ vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:PROVIDER_INTERFACE_NAME
[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = true
local_ip = OVERLAY_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS
l2_population = true
[securitygroup]
# ...
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
```
Replace PROVIDER_INTERFACE_NAME with the physical network API.
Replace OVERLAY_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS with the management IP address of the controller node.
Configure the Layer 3 proxy.
Edit the /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini file:
In the [default] section, set the API driver to linuxbridge.
```
$ vim /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini
[DEFAULT]
# ...
interface_driver = linuxbridge
```
Configures the DHCP agent:
Edit the /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini file.
In the [default] section, configure the linuxbridge interface driver and Dnsmasq DHCP driver. Enable the isolated metadata.
```
$ vim /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini
[DEFAULT]
# ...
interface_driver = linuxbridge
dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
enable_isolated_metadata = true
```
Configure the metadata proxy.
Edit the /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini file.
In the [default], configure the metadata host and shared secret.
```
$ vim /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini
[DEFAULT]
# ...
nova_metadata_host = controller
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = METADATA_SECRET
```
Replace METADATA_SECRET with a proper metadata agent secret.

Configure the computing service.

Edit the /etc/nova/nova.conf file.

In the [neutron] section, configure access parameters, enable the metadata proxy, and configure secret.

$ vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[neutron]
# ...
auth_url = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = NEUTRON_PASS
service_metadata_proxy = true
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = METADATA_SECRET

Replace NEUTRON_PASS with the password of the neutron user.

Replace METADATA_SECRET with a proper metadata agent secret.

Complete the installation.

Add a link:

ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini

Synchronize the database:

$ su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \
--config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron

Run the following command to restart the computing API service:

systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service

Start the network service and enable the service to start automatically upon system boot.

$ systemctl enable neutron-server.service \
neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
neutron-metadata-agent.service
$ systemctl start neutron-server.service \
neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
neutron-metadata-agent.service
$ systemctl enable neutron-l3-agent.service
$ systemctl start neutron-l3-agent.service

Perform the verification.
Run the following command to list the neutron agents:
```
openstack network agent list
```

Installing Cinder

Create a database, service credentials, and API endpoints.

Create a database.

Access the database as the root user. Create the cinder database, and grant permissions.

$ mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE cinder;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'localhost' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'CINDER_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'%' \
IDENTIFIED BY 'CINDER_DBPASS';
MariaDB [(none)]> exit

Replace CINDER_DBPASS with the password for the cinder database.

$ . admin-openrc

Create Cinder service credentials:

Create the cinder user.

Add the admin role to the cinder user.

Create the cinderv2 and cinderv3 services.

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt cinder
openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin
openstack service create --name cinderv2 --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2
openstack service create --name cinderv3 --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev3

Create API endpoints for the block storage service.

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 public http://controller:8776/v2/%s
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 internal http://controller:8776/v2/%s
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 admin http://controller:8776/v2/%s
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 public http://controller:8776/v3/%s
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 internal http://controller:8776/v3/%s
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 admin http://controller:8776/v3/%s

Install and configure the controller node.

Install the software package:

yum install openstack-cinder

Configure Cinder:

Edit the /etc/cinder/cinder.conf file.

In the [database] section, configure the database entry.

In the [DEFAULT] section, configure the RabbitMQ message queue entry and my_ip.

In the [DEFAULT] and [keystone_authtoken] sections, configure the identity authentication service entry.

In the [oslo_concurrency] section, configure the lock path.

$ vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf
[database]
# ...
connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:CINDER_DBPASS@controller/cinder
[DEFAULT]
# ...
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller
auth_strategy = keystone
my_ip = 10.0.0.11
[keystone_authtoken]
# ...
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = cinder
password = CINDER_PASS
[oslo_concurrency]
# ...
lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp

Replace CINDER_DBPASS with the password of the cinder database.

Replace RABBIT_PASS with the password of the openstack user in RabbitMQ.

Set my_ip to the management IP address of the controller node.

Replace CINDER_PASS with the password of the cinder user.

Synchronize the database:

su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder

Configure the block storage for the compute nodes.

Edit the /etc/nova/nova.conf file.

$ vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[cinder]
os_region_name = RegionOne

Complete the installation.

Restart the computing API service.

systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service

Start the block storage service.

systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service

Install and configure the storage node.
Install the software package:
```
yum install lvm2 device-mapper-persistent-data targetcli python-keystone
```
Start the service:
```
systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service
systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service
```
Create the LVM physical volume /dev/sdb.
```
pvcreate /dev/sdb
```
Create the LVM volume group cinder-volumes.
```
vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sdb
```
Edit the /etc/lvm/lvm.conf file.
In the devices section, add filtering to allow the /dev/sdb device to reject other devices.
devices {
...
filter = [ "a/sdb/", "r/.*/"]
Edit the /etc/cinder/cinder.conf file.
In the [lvm] section, configure the LVM backend using the LVM driver, cinder-volumes volume group, iSCSI protocol, and appropriate iSCSI services.
In the [DEFAULT] section, enable the LVM backend and configure the location of the API of the image service.
```
[lvm]
volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver
volume_group = cinder-volumes
target_protocol = iscsi
target_helper = lioadm
[DEFAULT]
# ...
enabled_backends = lvm
glance_api_servers = http://controller:9292
```
Complete the installation.
```
systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
```
Install and configure the backup service.
Edit the /etc/cinder/cinder.conf file.
In the [DEFAULT] section, configure the backup options.
```
[DEFAULT]
# ...
backup_driver = cinder.backup.drivers.swift.SwiftBackupDriver
backup_swift_url = SWIFT_URL
```
Replace SWIFT_URL with the URL of the object storage service. The URL can be found through the object storage API endpoint.
```
openstack catalog show object-store
```
Complete the installation.
```
systemctl enable openstack-cinder-backup.service
systemctl start openstack-cinder-backup.service
```
Perform the verification.
List service components and verify that each step is successful.
```
. admin-openrc
openstack volume service list
```
Note: Currently, the Swift component is not supported. If possible, you can configure the interconnection with Ceph.

Installing Horizon

Install the software package:
```
yum install openstack-horizon
```

Modify the /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/local/local_settings.py file.

Modify the variables.

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*', ]OPENSTACK_HOST = "controller"OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://%s:5000/v3" % OPENSTACK_HOST

Add variables.

OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {    "identity": 3,    "image": 2,    "volume": 3,}WEBROOT = "/dashboard/"COMPRESS_OFFLINE = TrueOPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = "default"OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "admin"LOGIN_URL = '/dashboard/auth/login/'LOGOUT_URL = '/dashboard/auth/logout/'

Run the following command in the /usr/share/openstack-dashboard directory:
```
./manage.py compress
```
Restart the httpd service.
```
systemctl restart httpd
```
Open a browser and enter http://<host_ip> in the address box to log in to Horizon.

Installing Tempest

Tempest is an integration test service of OpenStack. You are advised to use Tempest if you need to fully and automatically test the functions of the installed OpenStack environment. Otherwise, the installation is not required.

Install Tempest.
```
yum install openstack-tempest
```
Initialize the directories.
```
tempest init mytest
```
Modify the configuration file.
```
cd mytest
vi etc/tempest.conf
```
Information about the current OpenStack environment needs to be configured in the tempest.conf file. For details, see the Sample Configuration File.
Perform the test.
```
tempest run
```

Installing Ironic

Ironic is a bare metal service of OpenStack. You are advised to use Ironic if you need to deploy a bare metal server. Otherwise, the installation is not required.

Set the database.

The bare metal service stores information in the database. Create an Ironic database that can be accessed by the ironic user and replace Ironic_DBPASSWORD with a proper password.

$ mysql -u root -p MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE ironic CHARACTER SET utf8; 

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ironic.* TO 'ironic'@'localhost' \     
IDENTIFIED BY 'IRONIC_DBPASSWORD'; 

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ironic.* TO 'ironic'@'%' \     
IDENTIFIED BY 'IRONIC_DBPASSWORD';

Create the service user and perform verification.

Create the bare metal service users.

$ openstack user create --password IRONIC_PASSWORD \ 
--email ironic@example.com ironic 
$ openstack role add --project service --user ironic admin 
$ openstack service create --name ironic --description \ 
"Ironic baremetal provisioning service" baremetal 

$ openstack service create --name ironic-inspector --description     "Ironic inspector baremetal provisioning service" baremetal-introspection 
$ openstack user create --password IRONIC_INSPECTOR_PASSWORD --email ironic_inspector@example.com ironic_inspector 
$ openstack role add --project service --user ironic-inspector admin

Create the bare metal service access portals.

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne baremetal admin http://$IRONIC_NODE:6385 
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne baremetal public http://$IRONIC_NODE:6385 
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne baremetal internal http://$IRONIC_NODE:6385 
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne baremetal-introspection internal http://172.20.19.13:5050/v1 
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne baremetal-introspection public http://172.20.19.13:5050/v1 
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne baremetal-introspection admin http://172.20.19.13:5050/v1

Configure the ironic-api service.

Configuration file path: /etc/ironic/ironic.conf

Set connection to the database location, as shown in the following example. Replace IRONIC_DBPASSWORD with the password of the ironic user and DB_IP with the IP address of the database server.
```
[database] 

# The SQLAlchemy connection string used to connect to the 
# database (string value) 

connection = mysql+pymysql://ironic:IRONIC_DBPASSWORD@DB_IP/ironic
```

Configure the ironic-api service to use the RabbitMQ message broker and replace RPC_* with the address and credential of RabbitMQ.

[DEFAULT] 

# A URL representing the messaging driver to use and its full 
# configuration. (string value) 

transport_url = rabbit://RPC_USER:RPC_PASSWORD@RPC_HOST:RPC_PORT/

You can also use JSON-RPC to replace RabbitMQ.

Configure the credential for the ironic-api service to use the identity service. Replace PUBLIC_IDENTITY_IP with the public IP address of the server of the identity service, and replace PRIVATE_IDENTITY_IP with the private IP address of the identity service server. Replace Ironic_PASSWORD with the password of user ironic.

[DEFAULT] 

# Authentication strategy used by ironic-api: one of 
# "keystone" or "noauth". "noauth" should not be used in a 
# production environment because all authentication will be 
# disabled. (string value) 

auth_strategy=keystone 

[keystone_authtoken] 
# Authentication type to load (string value) 
auth_type=password 
# Complete public Identity API endpoint (string value) 
www_authenticate_uri=http://PUBLIC_IDENTITY_IP:5000 
# Complete admin Identity API endpoint. (string value) 
auth_url=http://PRIVATE_IDENTITY_IP:5000 
# Service username. (string value) 
username=ironic 
# Service account password. (string value) 
password=IRONIC_PASSWORD 
# Service tenant name. (string value) 
project_name=service 
# Domain name containing project (string value) 
project_domain_name=Default 
# User's domain name (string value) 
user_domain_name=Default

Create a database table for the bare metal service.

ironic-dbsync --config-file /etc/ironic/ironic.conf create_schema

Restart the ironic-api service.

sudo systemctl restart openstack-ironic-api

Configure the ironic-conductor service.

Replace HOST_IP with the IP address of the conductor host.

[DEFAULT] 

# IP address of this host. If unset, will determine the IP 
# programmatically. If unable to do so, will use "127.0.0.1". 
# (string value) 

my_ip=HOST_IP

Configure the database location. The configuration of ironic-conductor must be the same as that of ironic-api. Replace IRONIC_DBPASSWORD with the password of the ironic user and DB_IP with the IP address of the database server.
```
[database] 

# The SQLAlchemy connection string to use to connect to the 
# database. (string value) 

connection = mysql+pymysql://ironic:IRONIC_DBPASSWORD@DB_IP/ironic
```
Configure the ironic-api service to use the RabbitMQ. The configuration of ironic-conductor service must be the same as that of ironic-api. Replace RPC_* with the address and credential of RabbitMQ.
```
[DEFAULT] 

# A URL representing the messaging driver to use and its full 
# configuration. (string value) 

transport_url = rabbit://RPC_USER:RPC_PASSWORD@RPC_HOST:RPC_PORT/
```
You can also use JSON-RPC to replace RabbitMQ.

Configure credentials to access other OpenStack services.

To communicate with other OpenStack services, the service user needs to use the OpenStack Identity service for authentication when the bare metal service requests other services. The credentials for these users must be configured in each configuration file associated with the respective service.

[neutron] - Access OpenStack network service.
[glance] - Access the OpenStack image service.
[swift] - Access the OpenStack object storage service.
[cinder] Access the OpenStack block storage service.
[inspector] - Access the OpenStack inspection service of the bare metal service.
[service_catalog] - A special item used to store the credentials used by the bare metal service to discover its own API URL endpoints registered in the OpenStack identity service catalog.

For simplicity, you can use the same service user for all services. For backward compatibility, this user must be the same as that configured in [keystone_authtoken] of the ironic-api service. This is not mandatory. You can create and configure different service users for each service.

In the following example, the configuration for the authentication information for users to access the OpenStack network service is:

Network services are deployed in the identity service domain named "RegionOne". Only public endpoint APIs are registered in the service catalog.

A specific CA SSL certificate is used for HTTPS connection when requested.

The same service user with ironic-api service is configured.

The dynamic password authentication plug-in discovers the appropriate version of the identity service API based on other options.

[neutron] 

# Authentication type to load (string value) 
auth_type = password 
# Authentication URL (string value) 
auth_url=https://IDENTITY_IP:5000/ 
# Username (string value) 
username=ironic 
# User's password (string value) 
password=IRONIC_PASSWORD 
# Project name to scope to (string value) 
project_name=service 
# Domain ID containing project (string value) 
project_domain_id=default 
# User's domain id (string value) 
user_domain_id=default 
# PEM encoded Certificate Authority to use when verifying 
# HTTPs connections. (string value) 
cafile=/opt/stack/data/ca-bundle.pem 
# The default region_name for endpoint URL discovery. (string 
# value) 
region_name = RegionOne 
# List of interfaces, in order of preference, for endpoint 
# URL. (list value) 
valid_interfaces=public

By default, to communicate with other services, the bare metal service attempts to discover the appropriate endpoints of the service through the service catalog of the identity service. If you want to use a different endpoint for a specific service, specify the endpoint_override option in the bare metal service configuration file.

[neutron] 
... 
endpoint_override = <NEUTRON_API_ADDRESS>

Configure allowed drivers and hardware types.
Configure enabled_hardware_types to set the hardware types allowed by the ironic-conductor service.
```
[DEFAULT]
enabled_hardware_types = ipmi 
```
Configure the hardware API.
```
enabled_boot_interfaces = pxe 
enabled_deploy_interfaces = direct,iscsi 
enabled_inspect_interfaces = inspector 
enabled_management_interfaces = ipmitool 
enabled_power_interfaces = ipmitool
```
Configure API default values.
```
[DEFAULT] 
default_deploy_interface = direct 
default_network_interface = neutron
```
If any driver that uses Direct Deploy is enabled, you must install and configure the Swift backend of the . The Ceph object gateway (RADOS gateway) can also be used as a backend for the image service.

Restart the ironic-conductor service.

sudo systemctl restart openstack-ironic-conductor

Configure the ironic-conductor service.

Configuration file path: /etc/ironic-inspector/inspector.conf

Create a database.

$ mysql -u root -p 

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE ironic_inspector CHARACTER SET utf8; 

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ironic_inspector.* TO 'ironic_inspector'@'localhost' \     IDENTIFIED BY 'IRONIC_INSPECTOR_DBPASSWORD'; 
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ironic_inspector.* TO 'ironic_inspector'@'%' \     
IDENTIFIED BY 'IRONIC_INSPECTOR_DBPASSWORD';

Set connection to the database location, as shown in the following example. Replace IRONIC_INSPECTOR_DBPASSWORD with the password of the ironic_inspector user and DB_IP with the IP address of the database server.
```
[database]
backend = sqlalchemy
connection = mysql+pymysql://ironic_inspector:IRONIC_INSPECTOR_DBPASSWORD@DB_IP/ironic_inspector
```

Configure the communication address of the message queue.

[DEFAULT] 
transport_url = rabbit://RPC_USER:RPC_PASSWORD@RPC_HOST:RPC_PORT/

Configure Keystone authentication.

[DEFAULT] 

auth_strategy = keystone 

[ironic] 

api_endpoint = http://IRONIC_API_HOST_ADDRRESS:6385 
auth_type = password 
auth_url = http://PUBLIC_IDENTITY_IP:5000 
auth_strategy = keystone 
ironic_url = http://IRONIC_API_HOST_ADDRRESS:6385 
os_region = RegionOne 
project_name = service 
project_domain_name = default 
user_domain_name = default 
username = IRONIC_SERVICE_USER_NAME 
password = IRONIC_SERVICE_USER_PASSWORD

Configure the ironic inspector Dnsmasq service.

# Configuration file path: /etc/ironic-inspector/dnsmasq.conf
port=0
interface=enp3s0                         # Replace it with the actual listening network API.
dhcp-range=172.20.19.100,172.20.19.110   # Replace it with the actual DHCP address range.
bind-interfaces
enable-tftp

dhcp-match=set:efi,option:client-arch,7
dhcp-match=set:efi,option:client-arch,9
dhcp-match=aarch64, option:client-arch,11
dhcp-boot=tag:aarch64,grubaa64.efi
dhcp-boot=tag:!aarch64,tag:efi,grubx64.efi
dhcp-boot=tag:!aarch64,tag:!efi,pxelinux.0

tftp-root=/tftpboot                       # Replace it with the actual tftpboot directory.
log-facility=/var/log/dnsmasq.log

Enable the services.

systemctl enable --now openstack-ironic-inspector.service
systemctl enable --now openstack-ironic-inspector-dnsmasq.service

Create a deploy ramdisk image.

RAMDisk images of OpenStack Queens can be created using the ironic-python-agent-builder in the community.

Install ironic-python-agent-builder.

Install and switch to Python 3.
```
yum install python36
```

Install the tool.

pip install ironic-python-agent-builder

Modify the Python interpreter in the following file:
```
/usr/bin/yum /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down
```

Install other necessary tools.

yum install git

DIB depends on semanage. Before creating an image, check whether the semanage --help command is available. If no such command is displayed, install it.

# Query the package to be installed.
$ yum provides /usr/sbin/semanage
Loaded plug-in: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.vcu.edu
* extras: mirror.vcu.edu
* updates: mirror.math.princeton.edu
policycoreutils-python-2.5-34.el7.aarch64 : SELinux policy core python utilities
Source: base
Matching source:
File name: /usr/sbin/semanage
# Installation
$ yum install policycoreutils-python

Create the image. For CentOS, only CentOS 8 is supported. In addition, centos8-minimal lacks some NIC drivers, causing all NICs to be down after the Dell physical machine is started. Therefore, CentOS 8 is used as an example. Add the following environment variables:

export DIB_PYTHON_VERSION=3 \ 
export DIB_RELEASE=8 \ 
export DIB_YUM_MINIMAL_CREATE_INTERFACES

If the arm architecture is used, add the following information:

export ARCH=aarch64

Normal image. Basic usage:

usage: ironic-python-agent-builder [-h] [-r RELEASE] [-o OUTPUT] [-e ELEMENT]
                                    [-b BRANCH] [-v] [--extra-args EXTRA_ARGS]
                                    distribution

positional arguments:
    distribution          Distribution to use

optional arguments:
    -h, --help            show this help message and exit
    -r RELEASE, --release RELEASE
                        Distribution release to use
    -o OUTPUT, --output OUTPUT
                        Output base file name
    -e ELEMENT, --element ELEMENT
                        Additional DIB element to use
    -b BRANCH, --branch BRANCH
                        If set, override the branch that is used for ironic-
                        python-agent and requirements
    -v, --verbose         Enable verbose logging in diskimage-builder
    --extra-args EXTRA_ARGS
                        Extra arguments to pass to diskimage-builder

Example:

ironic-python-agent-builder centos -o /mnt/ironic-agent-ssh -b origin/stable/rocky

Allow SSH login.

Initialize environment variables and create the image.

export DIB_DEV_USER_USERNAME=ipa \
export DIB_DEV_USER_PWDLESS_SUDO=yes \
export DIB_DEV_USER_PASSWORD='123'
ironic-python-agent-builder centos -o /mnt/ironic-agent-ssh -b origin/stable/rocky -e selinux-permissive -e devuser

Specify a code repository.

Initialize the corresponding environment variables and create an image.

# Specify the repository address and version.
DIB_REPOLOCATION_ironic_python_agent=git@172.20.2.149:liuzz/ironic-python-agent.git
DIB_REPOREF_ironic_python_agent=origin/develop

# Clone code directly from Gerrit.
DIB_REPOLOCATION_ironic_python_agent=https://review.opendev.org/openstack/ironic-python-agent
DIB_REPOREF_ironic_python_agent=refs/changes/43/701043/1

For details, see source-repositories.

The verification of the specified repository address and version is successful.

OpenStack Victoria Deployment Guide

OpenStack

Preparing the Environment

Installing the SQL Database

Installing RabbitMQ

Installing Memcached

Installing OpenStack

Installing Keystone

Installing Glance

Installing Placement

Installing Nova

Installing Neutron

Installing Cinder

Installing Horizon

Installing Tempest

Installing Ironic

Bug Catching

Buggy Content

Bug Description

How satisfied are you with this document