Installation Guideline
- Installation Guideline
- Starting the Installation
- Selecting the Installation Language
- Entering the Installation Page
- Setting the Keyboard Layout
- Setting a System Language
- Setting Date and Time
- Setting the Installation Source
- Selecting Additional Software
- Setting the Installation Destination
- Setting the Network and Host Name
- Setting the Root Password
- Creating a User
- Starting Installation
- Installation Procedure
- Completing the Installation
This section describes how to install openEuler using a CD/DVD-ROM. The installation process is the same for other installation modes except the boot option.
Starting the Installation
Booting from the CD/DVD-ROM Drive
Mount the ISO image of openEuler to the CD/DVD-ROM drive of the server and restart the server. The procedure is as follows:
Note Before the installation, ensure that the server boots from the CD/DVD-ROM drive preferentially. The following steps describe how to use connect a virtual CD/DVD-ROM drive to the baseboard management controller (BMC) and install openEuler. The procedure for installing openEuler from a physical drive is the same as that of a virtual drive.
On the toolbar, click the icon shown in the following figure.
An image dialog box is displayed, as shown in the following figure.
Select Image File and then click Browse. The Open dialog box is displayed.
Select the image file and click Open. In the image dialog box, click Connect. If Connect changes to Disconnect, the virtual CD/DVD-ROM drive is connected to the server.
On the toolbar, click the restart icon shown in the following figure to restart the device.
Installation Boot Menu
A boot menu is displayed after the system is booted using the boot medium. In addition to options for starting the installation program, some other options are available on the boot menu. During system installation, the Test this media & install openEuler 22.03 LTS option is selected by default. Press the arrow keys on the keyboard to change the selection, and press Enter when the desired option is highlighted.
- If you do not perform any operations within 1 minute, the system automatically selects the default option Test this media & install openEuler 22.03 LTS and enters the installation page.
- During physical machine installation, if you cannot use the arrow keys to select boot options and the system does not respond after you press Enter, click
on the BMC page and configure Key & Mouse Reset.
Figure 4 Installation boot menu
Installation boot options are described as follows:
Install openEuler 22.03_LTS: Install openEuler on your server in GUI mode.
Test this media & install openEuler 22.03_LTS: Default option. Install openEuler on your server in GUI mode. The integrity of the installation medium is checked before the installation program is started.
Troubleshooting: Troubleshooting mode, which is used when the system cannot be installed properly. In troubleshooting mode, the following options are available:
- Install openEuler 22.03_LTS in basic graphics mode: Basic graphics installation mode. In this mode, the video driver is not started before the system starts and runs.
- Rescue the openEuler system: Rescue mode, which is used to restore the system. In rescue mode, the installation process is printed to the VNC or BMC, and the serial port is unavailable.
On the installation boot menu screen, press e to go to the parameter editing screen of the selected option, and press c to go to the command line interface (CLI).
Installation in GUI Mode
On the installation wizard page, select Test this media & install openEuler 22.03_LTS to enter the GUI installation mode.
You can perform graphical installation operations using a keyboard.
- Press Tab or Shift+Tab to move between GUI controls (such as buttons, area boxes, and check boxes).
- Press the up or down arrow key to navigate through a list.
- Press the left or right arrow key to move between the horizontal toolbars and list bars.
- Press the spacebar or Enter to select or delete highlighted options, expand or collapse a drop-down list.
- Press Alt+a shortcut key to select the control where the shortcut key is located. The shortcut key can be highlighted (underlined) by holding down Alt.
Selecting the Installation Language
After the installation starts, you are prompted to choose the language that is used during the installation process. English is configured by default, as shown in the following figure. Configure the language as required.
Figure 5 Selecting a language
After the language is selected, click Continue. The installation page is displayed.
If you want to exit the installation, click Exit. The message Are you sure you want to exit the installation program? is displayed. Click Yes in the dialog box to go back to the installation wizard page.
Entering the Installation Page
After the installation program starts, the installation page is displayed, as shown in the following figure. On the page, you can configure the time, language, installation source, network, and storage device.
Some configuration items are marked with alarm symbols. A alarm symbol will disappear after the item is configured. Start the installation only when all the alarm symbols disappear from the page.
If you want to exit the installation, click Exit. The message Are you sure you want to exit the installation program? is displayed. Click Yes in the dialog box to go back to the installation boot menu.
Figure 6 Installation summary
Setting the Keyboard Layout
On the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page, click Keyboard. You can add or delete multiple keyboard layouts in the system.
- To view the keyboard layout: Select a keyboard layout in the left box and click the keyboard icon under the box.
- To test the keyboard layout: Select the keyboard layout in the left box and click the keyboard icon in the upper right corner to switch to the desired layout, and then type in the right box to check if the keyboard layout works properly.
Figure 7 Setting the keyboard layout
After the setting is complete, click Done in the upper left corner to go back to the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page.
Setting a System Language
On the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page, click Language Support to set the system language, as shown in the following figure. You can select another language as required.
Figure 8 Setting a system language
After the setting is complete, click Done in the upper left corner to go back to the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page.
Setting Date and Time
On the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page, click Time & Date. On the TIME & DATE page, set the system time zone, date, and time.
When setting the time zone, click a specific city on the map, or select a region from the drop-down list of Region and a city from the drop-down list of City at the top of the page, as shown in the following figure.
If your city is not displayed on the map or in the drop-down list, select the nearest city in the same time zone.
- Before manually setting the time zone, disable the network time synchronization function in the upper right corner.
- If you want to use the network time, ensure that the remote NTP server is reachable. For details about how to set the network, see Setting the Network and Host Name.
Figure 9 Setting date and time
After the setting is complete, click Done in the upper left corner to go back to the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page.
Setting the Installation Source
On the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page, click Installation Source to specify the installation source.
When you use a full CD/DVD image for installation, the installation program automatically detects and displays the installation source information. You can use the default settings, as shown in the following figure.
Figure 10 Installation source
When the network source is used for installation, you need to set the URL of the network source.
HTTP or HTTPS mode
The following figure shows the installation source in HTTP or HTTPS mode:
If the HTTPS server uses a private certificate, press e on the installation boot menu go to the parameter editing page of the selected option, and add the inst.noverifyssl parameter.
Enter the actual installation source address, for example, https://repo.openeuler.org/openEuler-22.03-LTS/OS/x86_64/, where openEuler-22.03-LTS indicates the version number, and x86_64 indicates the CPU architecture. Use the actual version number and CPU architecture.
FTP mode
The following figure shows the installation source in FTP mode. Enter the FTP address in the text box.
You need to set up an FTP server, mount the openEuler-22.03_LTS-x86_64-dvd.iso image, and copy the mounted files to the shared directory on the FTP server. x86_64 indicates the CPU architecture. Use the image for the actual architecture.
NFS mode
The following figure shows the installation source in NFS mode. Enter the NFS address in the text box.
You need to set up an NFS server, mount the openEuler-22.03_LTS-x86_64-dvd.iso image, and copy the mounted file to the shared directory on the NFS server. x86_64 indicates the CPU architecture. Use the actual image.
During the installation, if you have any questions about configuring the installation source, see An Exception Occurs During the Selection of the Installation Source.
After the setting is complete, click Done in the upper left corner to go back to the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page.
Selecting Additional Software
On the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page, click Software Selection to specify the software package to be installed.
Based on the actual requirements, select Minimal Install in the left box and select additional software in the Additional software for Selected Environment area in the right box, as shown in the following figure.
Figure 11 Selecting additional software
- In Minimal Install mode, not all packages in the installation source are installed. If the required package is not installed, you can mount the installation source to the local host as a repo source, and use DNF to install the package.
- If you select Virtualization Host, the virtualization components QEMU, libvirt, and edk2 are installed by default. You can select whether to install the OVS component in the additional software area.
After the setting is complete, click Done in the upper left corner to go back to the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page.
Setting the Installation Destination
On the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page, click Installation Destination to select the OS installation disk and partition.
You can view available local storage devices on the INSTALLATION DESTINATION page, as shown in the following figure.
Figure 12 Setting the installation destination
Storage Configuration
On the INSTALLATION DESTINATION page, configure the storage for partitioning. You can either manually configure partitions or select Automatic for automatic partitioning.
- During partitioning, to ensure system security and performance, you are advised to divide the device into the following partitions: /boot, /var, /var/log, /var/log/audit, /home, and /tmp.
- If the system is configured with the swap partition, the swap partition is used when the physical memory of the system is insufficient. Although the swap partition can be used to expand the physical memory, if it is used due to insufficient memory, the system response slows and the system performance deteriorates. Therefore, you are not advised to configure it in a system with sufficient physical memory or in a performance sensitive system.
- If you need to split a logical volume group, select Custom to manually partition the logical volume group. On the MANUAL PARTITIONING page, click Modify in the Volume Group area to reconfigure the logical volume group.
Automatic
Select Automatic if openEuler is installed in a new storage device or the data in the storage device is not required. After the setting is complete, click Done in the upper left corner to go back to the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page.
Custom
If you need to manually partition the disk, click Custom and click Done in the upper left corner. The following page is displayed.
On the MANUAL PARTITIONING page, you can partition the disk in either of the following ways. After the partitioning is completed, the window shown in the following figure is displayed.
Automatic creation: Click Click here to create them automatically. The system automatically assigns four mount points ( /boot, /, /boot/efi, and swap) according to the available storage space.
Manual creation: Click
to add a mount point. It is recommended that the expected capacity of each mount point not exceed the available space. Note
If the expected capacity of the mount point exceeds the available space, the system allocates all available space to the mount point.
Figure 13 MANUAL PARTITIONING page
After the setting is complete, click Done in the upper left corner to go back to the SUMMARY OF CHANGES page.
Click Accept Changes to go back to the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page.
Setting the Network and Host Name
On the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page, select Network & Host Name to configure the system network functions.
The installation program automatically detects accessible local interfaces. The detected interfaces are listed in the left box, and the interface details are displayed in the right area, as shown in Figure 14. You can enable or disable a network interface by clicking the switch in the upper right corner of the page. The switch is turned off by default. If the installation source is set to network, turn on the switch. You can also click Configure to configure the selected interface. Select Connect automatically with priority to enable the NIC automatic startup upon system startup, as shown in Figure 15.
In the lower left box, enter the host name. The host name can be the fully quantified domain name (FQDN) in the format of hostname.domain_name or the brief host name in the format of hostname.
Figure 14 Setting the network and host name
Figure 15 Configuring the network
After the setting is complete, click Done in the upper left corner to go back to the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page.
Setting the Root Password
Select Root Password on the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page. The ROOT PASSWORD page is displayed, as shown in the Figure 16. Enter a password that meets the Password Complexity requirements and confirm the password.
- The root account is used to perform key system management tasks. You are not advised to use the root account for daily work or system access.
- If you select Lock root account on the Root Password page, the root account will be disabled.
Password Complexity
The password of the root user or the password of the new user must meet the password complexity requirements. Otherwise, the password configuration or user creation will fail. The password complexity requirements are as follows:
A password must contain at least eight characters.
A password must contain at least three of the following types: uppercase letters, lowercase letters, digits, and special characters.
A password must be different from the user name.
A password cannot contain words in the dictionary.
Note
In the installed openEuler environment, you can run the cracklib-unpacker /usr/share/cracklib/pw_dict > dictionary.txtcommand to export the dictionary library file dictionary.txt, and then check whether the password is in the dictionary.
After the settings are completed, click Done in the upper left corner to go back to the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page.
Creating a User
Click User Creation. The CREATE USER is displayed, as shown in Figure 17. Enter a username and set a password. By clicking Advanced, you can also configure the home directory and user group, as shown in Figure 18.
Figure 18 Advanced user configuration
After configuration, click Done in the upper left corner to go back back to the INSTALLATION SUMMARY page.
Starting Installation
On the installation page, after all the mandatory items are configured, the alarm symbols will disappear. Then, you can click Begin Installation to install openEuler.
Installation Procedure
After the installation starts, the overall installation progress and the progress of writing the software package to the system are displayed. See Figure 19
If you click Exit or reset or power off the server during the installation, the installation is interrupted and the OS is unavailable. In this case, you need to reinstall the OS.
Figure 19 Installation progress
Completing the Installation
After openEuler is installed, Click Reboot to reboot the system.
- If a physical CD/DVD-ROM is used for installation and it is not automatically ejected during the restart, manually remove it. Then, the openEuler CLI login screen is displayed.
- If a virtual CD/DVD-ROM is used for installation, change the server boot option to Hard Disk and restart the server. Then, the openEuler CLI login screen is displayed.
