Installing Virtualization Components ​

This chapter describes how to install virtualization components in openEuler.

Minimum Hardware Requirements ​

The minimum hardware requirements for installing virtualization components on openEuler are as follows:

• AArch64 processor architecture: ARMv8 or later, supporting virtualization expansion
• x86_64 processor architecture, supporting VT-x
• 2-core CPU
• 4 GB memory
• 16 GB available drive space

Installing Core Virtualization Components ​

Installation Methods ​

Prerequisites ​

• The yum source has been configured. For details, see the openEuler 21.03 Administrator Guide.
• Only the administrator has permission to perform the installation.

Procedure ​

1. Install the QEMU component.

   shell

   # yum install -y qemu

   Notice:

   By default, the QEMU component runs as user qemu and user group qemu. If you are not familiar with Linux user group and user permission management, you may encounter insufficient permission when creating and starting VMs. You can use either of the following methods to solve this problem: Method 1: Modify the QEMU configuration file. Run the sudo vim /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf command to open the QEMU configuration file, find user = "root" and group = "root", uncomment them (delete #), save the file, and exit. Method 2: Change the owner of the VM files. Ensure that user qemu has the permission to access the folder where VM files are stored. Run the sudo chown qemu:qemu xxx.qcow2 command to change the owner of the VM files that need to be read and written.

2. Install the libvirt component.

   shell

   # yum install -y libvirt

3. Start the libvirtd service.

   shell

   # systemctl start libvirtd

Verifying the Installation ​

1. Check whether the kernel supports KVM virtualization, that is, check whether the /dev/kvm and /sys/module/kvm files exist. The command and output are as follows:

   shell

   $ ls /dev/kvm
   /dev/kvm

   shell

   $ ls /sys/module/kvm
   parameters  uevent

   If the preceding files exist, the kernel supports KVM virtualization. If the preceding files do not exist, KVM virtualization is not enabled during kernel compilation. In this case, you need to use the Linux kernel that supports KVM virtualization.

2. Check whether QEMU is successfully installed. If the installation is successful, the QEMU software package information is displayed. The command and output are as follows:

   shell

   $ rpm -qi qemu
   Name        : qemu
   Epoch       : 2
   Version     : 4.0.1
   Release     : 10
   Architecture: aarch64
   Install Date: Wed 24 Jul 2019 04:04:47 PM CST
   Group       : Unspecified
   Size        : 16869484
   License     : GPLv2 and BSD and MIT and CC-BY
   Signature   : (none)
   Source RPM  : qemu-4.0.0-1.src.rpm
   Build Date  : Wed 24 Jul 2019 04:03:52 PM CST
   Build Host  : localhost
   Relocations : (not relocatable)
   URL         : http://www.qemu.org
   Summary     : QEMU is a generic and open source machine emulator and virtualizer
   Description :
   QEMU is a generic and open source processor emulator which achieves a good
   emulation speed by using dynamic translation. QEMU has two operating modes:
   
    * Full system emulation. In this mode, QEMU emulates a full system (for
      example a PC), including a processor and various peripherals. It can be
      used to launch different Operating Systems without rebooting the PC or
      to debug system code.
    * User mode emulation. In this mode, QEMU can launch Linux processes compiled
      for one CPU on another CPU.
   
   As QEMU requires no host kernel patches to run, it is safe and easy to use.

3. Check whether libvirt is successfully installed. If the installation is successful, the libvirt software package information is displayed. The command and output are as follows:

   shell

   $ rpm -qi libvirt
   Name        : libvirt
   Version     : 5.5.0
   Release     : 1
   Architecture: aarch64
   Install Date: Tue 30 Jul 2019 04:56:21 PM CST
   Group       : Unspecified
   Size        : 0
   License     : LGPLv2+
   Signature   : (none)
   Source RPM  : libvirt-5.5.0-1.src.rpm
   Build Date  : Mon 29 Jul 2019 08:14:57 PM CST
   Build Host  : 71e8c1ce149f
   Relocations : (not relocatable)
   URL         : https://libvirt.org/
   Summary     : Library providing a simple virtualization API
   Description :
   Libvirt is a C toolkit to interact with the virtualization capabilities
   of recent versions of Linux (and other OSes). The main package includes
   the libvirtd server exporting the virtualization support.

4. Check whether the libvirt service is started successfully. If the service is in the Active state, the service is started successfully. You can use the virsh command line tool provided by the libvirt. The command and output are as follows:

   shell

   $ systemctl status libvirtd
   ● libvirtd.service - Virtualization daemon
      Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/libvirtd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
      Active: active (running) since Tue 2019-08-06 09:36:01 CST; 5h 12min ago
        Docs: man:libvirtd(8)
              https://libvirt.org
    Main PID: 40754 (libvirtd)
       Tasks: 20 (limit: 32768)
      Memory: 198.6M
      CGroup: /system.slice/libvirtd.service
              ─40754 /usr/sbin/libvirtd